Vitex Agnus Castus Fruit-Chaste Tree Berry whole seed, Agnuside is a chemical compound found in Vitex agnus-castus.

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Chaste tree benefits : Chaste tree has been used to treat menstrual cycle problems and pain, premenstrual syndrome, and menopause. Chaste tree berries may help stimulate progesterone. This is a female hormone that rises 2 weeks before menstruation. It may help normalize estrogen and progesterone. Chaste tree is a shrub that bears violet flowers and berries. It’s also called vitex agnus-castus. The medicinal parts are the dried fruit and leaves. Chaste tree contains iridoids, flavonoids, progestins, and essential oils. This combination may help control menstrual cycles and ease menstrual pain. It may treat some endocrine problems. Medically valid uses There are no proven medical uses for chaste tree. A few studies suggest that chaste tree helps premenstrual syndrome. But the studies weren’t designed well, so the results aren’t reliable. There is some evidence that chasteberry may help with some types of infertility. It may help with breast pain. But more studies are needed to confirm this. (Source : University of rochester mecical center) Agnuside is a chemical compound found in Vitex agnus-castus. Agnuside is the ester of aucubin and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. (Source : Wikipedia) CAS Number 11027-63-7 Chemical formula C22H26O11 Melting Point 146 °C Iridoids have been isolated from nineteen species belonging to genus Vitex from Lamiaceae especially aucubin and agnuside. The genus Vitex: An overview of iridoids as chemotaxonomic marker. Vitex genus, the phytochemical investigation of leaves of Vitex grandifolia led to the isolation of two iridoids known in the literature as agnuside and bartsioside. iridoids as chemotaxonomic marker and their constitutive presence has been reported in a number of genera in the family Lamiaceae. Iridoids have been isolated from nineteen species belonging to genus Vitex from Lamiaceae especially aucubin and agnuside. (Source :Sciencedirect) The Lamiaceae, also popularly called mint family consist of herbs, shrubs and plants comprising about 230 genera and 7100 species mainly found in tropical and subtropical regions (Harley et al., 2004). This family are reputed valuable because its medicinal uses, ornamental, perfumes, cosmetics and culinary advantages, only a few species are found in temperate region. Iridoids are a class of natural compounds present in plants and animals. The name “iridoid” originated from iridodial, iridomyrmecin and iridolactone which were isolated from some species of Iridomyrmex, a genus of ants. Iridoids exist in those species as defensive secretions. or a long time, iridoids were not considered pharmacologically important. However, research in the past few years has shown that they possess many biological activities. Iridoids often have a bitter taste and show a wide range of pharmacological activities, including analgesic, antihepatotoxic, antitumour, antiplasmodic, antiviral, antimutagenic, cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, hypoglceamic, immunomodulatory and laxative effects. (Source Sciencedirect). Agnuside has exhibited estrogen-like activity which might be the reason for its use in premenstrual syndrome problems in women of fertile age as well as in menopause. It has also been reported to possess anti-arthritic activity in the polyarthritis rats which was associated with significant suppression of the inflammatory mediators and T-cell mediated cytokinines. Recently, Agnuside has shown higher hepatoprotective potential in rats in comparison to silymarin, a commercially available herbal hepatoprotective agent. In addition, Agnuside has shown an inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) ATPase activity. The diversified therapeutic indications of AGN with a profoundly high medicinal value have created great curiosity among researchers for its further investigation as a medicinal agent. (Source: drugs.ncats.io) Today, chasteberry is promoted as a dietary supplement for symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, breast pain associated with the menstrual cycle, infertility, and other conditions. (Source National Cemter for complementary and Integrative Healht)